基于HLA装备保障仿真训练系统研究

采用HLA技术的装备保障仿真训练系统是通过网络将分散在各地的仿真器、计算机生成兵力以及其他设备联合为一个整体,形成一个可以在时间和空间上互相耦合的虚拟战场环境.分析了装备保障仿真训练的功能和特点,并依据HLA的基本概念、方法和原理对分布式装备保障仿真训练系统进行方案设计,建立了系统体系结构,并介绍了其方案组成.     

动态点对点通信天线的自动控制研究

在相对运动平台的点对点通信中,天线如何快速、准确地进行跟踪对准是接收高质量通信信号的保证.针对于动态点对点通信中定向天线对准难的问题,提出了一种基于坐标跟踪法和信号跟踪法的联合天线跟踪控制法,并对此方法进行了系统的软、硬件设计.通过精度分析和试验得出该方法对准精度高,系统易于实现,能够满足微波通信天线对准工程实现中的快与准的要求.     

一种SAR图像特征提取和目标分类的新方法

提出了一种利用二维离散小波变换与核主成分分析结合对SAR图像进行特征提取的新方法.该方法对SAR图像进行三层小波分解后提取低频子带图像的核主成分分量作为目标的分类特征,利用支持向量机完成目标分类.采用MSTAR实测SAR目标数据集进行特征提取和分类实验,实验结果表明:该方法可以有效提高目标的正确识别率.     

抗差最小二乘估计在惯组外场标定中的应用

惯组在外场进行标定时常常会受到环境的振动干扰,从而会对惯组的标定精度造成极大的影响.为解决这一问题,在分析了粗差对惯组标定精度影响的前提下,建立了一种改进的辨识惯组误差系数的数学模型,使其能够分辨出那些受到振动干扰影响的惯组误差系数.最后利用抗差最小二乘估计对惯组误差系数进行处理,通过等价权函数的连续降权和连续减弱影响处理,抵制了异常数据对惯组标定精度的影响.仿真结果表明,抗差最小二乘估计具有很强的抗差能力,能有效减弱异常干扰对参数估计的影响,提高惯组外场标定的精度和数据的可靠性.     

《程序设计基础》课程创新性教学的改革与实践

通过对程序设计基础课程传统教学内容进行优化,构建新型课程体系、树立"厚基础、重算法、强能力"的教学理念,加强实践教学、积极完善课程资源和鼓励教师参加科研等一系列教学改革与实践,改变以往程序设计课程教学重理论、轻实践的现状,从本质上提升学生的程序设计能力,为后续课程的学习打下一个坚实基础。     

MILITARY EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MIDDLE EASTERN COUNTRIES: A DYNAMIC PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

Defence expenditures have both costs and benefits to the economy. The costs of defence expenditures are mainly emphasized as opportunity costs. On the other hand, defence spending may have growth‐promoting potential benefits: a rise in defence spending may result in a higher aggregate demand, production and employment. This paper examines empirically the effects of military expenditures on economic growth for Middle Eastern countries and Turkey, for the time‐period 1989–1999. The relationship between military expenditure and economic growth is investigated by using cross‐section and dynamic panel estimation techniques. Empirical analysis indicates that military expenditure enhances economic growth in the Middle Eastern countries and Turkey as a whole.     

Country Survey XIII: Japan's security posture and defense industry prospects

Defense budgets in Japan have been complicated compromises from numerous inputs ‐ including threat perceptions, domestic industrial/technological base development, support for the bilateral security treaty with the United States and internal bureaucratic politics ‐ but with the fall of the former Soviet Union, the clearest justification for higher spending disappeared. Double‐digit defense spending increases that were common in the 1980s have been replaced by annual increases lower than present inflation rates, resulting in negative real growth in the country's defense budget. Domestic economic problems and consistent government pressures for smaller budgets have further slowed annual growth in total spending and have contributed to lower procurement budgets. As a result, the domestic Japanese defense industry is facing far more constrained conditions from the growth years of a decade before.

Government policymakers are examining Japan's regional security environment as well as its alliance with the United States to determine the appropriate course for the country to take in the coming years. The formal security treaty with the United States is likely to remain a major element of government positions, but other aspects of the country's overall security posture are open to debate. Perceptions of a reduced threat environment are fueling additional pressures for defense budget cuts.

The domestic defense industry seeks means to assure its survival in domestic defense markets in this constrained environment. Expansion into overseas markets to offset declining domestic markets is an option that currently is constrained by policy restrictions on arms exports. Industry is advocating re‐examination of those policies and unlike earlier years, government appears willing to respond positively but cautiously to this lobbying.     

From stopping to preventing atrocities

The Constitutive Act of the African Union (AU) provides for the right of the continental body to intervene in the face of war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity. According to its formulation, Article 4(h) intervention entails military force, which is triggered when a target state fails to discharge its duty to protect its population from mass atrocities. Although Article 4(h) is an ambitious statutory commitment to intervene in a member state by the AU, the Libyan crisis in 2011 showed the ambivalence of the continental institution to act in a decisive and timely manner. The AU's failure to invoke Article 4(h) exposed the need for building the capacity and political will to intervene and to interpret Article 4(h). Therefore, the primary focus of this article is on how Article 4(h) should be interpreted. Flowing from the Pretoria Principles, which seek to provide clarity on the implementation of the AU's right of intervention, Article 4(h) should be viewed as a duty rather than a right to prevent or stop mass atrocities. The duty dimension of Article 4(h) derives from the international instruments that AU member states have ratified to prevent mass atrocities. Rather than being a paper tiger, Article 4(h) should be used in a proactive and timely manner as a military option available to the AU to persuade member states to prevent or halt atrocities. As a last resort, military force pursuant to Article 4(h) should aim at protecting the population at risk and pursuing the perpetrators in order to avoid contravening Article 2(4) of the Charter of the United Nations (UN). Although military intervention can save lives in the short term, it cannot necessarily address the underlying, structural causes of atrocities, such as ethnic rivalries, economic inequalities and scramble for natural resources, among others. Therefore, the prevention of mass atrocities should not be equated with, or be seen through the prism of, Article 4(h) intervention alone. The focus should instead be on the entire spectrum of preventive strategies at the disposal of the AU in the face of mass atrocities, including the African human rights system and the African Peer Review Mechanism.     

Ho Chi Minh and the origins of the Vietnamese doctrine of guerrilla tactics

In a very important sense, the Vietnamese military history of the communist era began in 1941, when Ho Chi Minh prepared ‘Guerrilla Tactics’ (Cach Danh Du Kich).1 ?1. Ministry of Defense Center for the Military Encyclopedia Ministry of Defense Center for the Military Encyclopedia. 1996. Tu Dien Bach Hoa Quan Su Vietnam, Hanoi: People's Army Publishing Company.  [Google Scholar], Tu Dien Bach Hoa Quan Su Vietnam, 69. The publication of this essay, which was a manual on the tactics, techniques, and procedures of guerrilla warfare, preceded the founding of the first armed propaganda unit (Tuyen Truyen Doi Vo Trang) on 22 December 1944, which later became the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN, Quan Doi Nhan Dan); as well as the revolutionary writings of Truong Chinh (1946–1947) and Vo Nguyen Giap (1959). The fact that ‘Tactics’ was published by the Viet Minh reinforces the claim made by the PAVN that it was the first authoritative Vietnamese writing on this important subject.     

卫星导航接收机鉴相器有限字长效应研究

卫星导航接收机跟踪信号的能力取决于锁相环的跟踪精度,相位鉴别器在锁相环设计中具有重要地位。针对点积鉴相器和二象限反正切鉴相器在输入信号有限字长效应下,对鉴相器性能的影响问题,建立了鉴相器有限字长误差模型。通过理论推导输入信号的统计特性,计算得到鉴相器输入信号均值和方差表达式,并分析了有限字长对鉴相器的均值和方差、收敛区间和鉴别增益的影响情况。由理论和仿真验证,得出了鉴相器在输入信号有效位数3比特以上时,对环路跟踪精度没有影响的结论。